Allow arch-specific setting of global_data in board_init_f_mem()

At present we have a simple assignment to gd. With some archs this is
implemented as a register or through some other means; a simple assignment
does not suit in all cases.

Change this to a function and add documentation to describe how this all
works.

Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: York Sun <yorksun@freescale.com>
Reviewed-by: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>